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October 31, 2018

Where Aretha Franklin’s hit single “RESPECT” all began

Close your eyes and imagine this… it is 1956, you are in Detroit, Michigan at New Bethel Baptist church. You are sitting in the pew of the church waiting for the service to start. You are surrounded by people who are eagerly talking about a singing prodigy, but you think it’s crazy, since she is only six. You are flipping through the pages of the missal and suddenly, the piano keys strike and this powerhouse of a voice starts to sing gospel hymns. You look up and see a six-year-old girl that knocks the roof off the church. She belts a high note that causes the crowd to jump to their feet! You cannot help but stand up and clap to the beat of the gospel and enjoy her singing; and you wonder to yourself, who is this young girl with such an amazing voice?

High resolution portrait of Aretha Franklin | Courtesy of Fred Seibert Flickr

This young, self-taught child prodigy has the name of Aretha Louise Franklin. At that young age of six, she was recognized for her powerhouse voice and talent at playing the piano. At six, she launched her career as a singer. From ages six to fourteen, Aretha started to record tracks with small label for one of her earliest albums called Songs of Faith that she had sung at church in 1956. Because of her early fame, she traveled with her father, Pastor Clarence LaVaughn (C.L.), who was touring with a revival show he was conducting, and that gave young Aretha exposure. This exposure included becoming a mother at the age of fourteen.1 She was also courted by a number of labels, such as RCA in New York and Motown in Detroit.2 She signed with Columbia records, who helped her release her first album in 1961, called simply Aretha. Colombia records helped her record the songs she sang, but they didn’t really do much to help promote her, leading her to believe that her talent was going to waste and not being showcased. Because of this, Aretha decided to switch labels, and a whole new world opened up to her.3

Yes, THE Otis Redding! 1966 | Courtesy of AOK Library & Gallery Flickr

In 1967, Aretha released her first album with Atlantic Records, I Never Loved A Man (The Way I Love You). It quickly achieved gold status, and her hit single “Respect” went to the top of the R&B and pop charts that same year. Not only did Aretha’s fame shoot to the tops of the charts, but she also won her first two Grammy awards. The hit had her name all over it, but this song was not truly hers. “Respect” was written two years before Aretha made it known and popular.4 In 1965, soul artist and lyricist Otis Redding wrote “Respect” as a plea from a man to a woman to respect him when he comes home after all the activities she engages in when he is not around. Throughout the song, Redding highlights and praises all the good and love he has for this woman in the first verse, singing “What you want, honey you got it and what you need, baby you got it,” as well as in the second verse, “Hey little girl, you’re sweeter than honey and I’m about to give you all my money.”5 These verses are what lead up to the chorus, where he sings repeatedly, “Do me wrong, Honey if you want to, you can do me wrong while I’m gone, but all I’m asking is for a little respect when I come home.”

This song that once belonged to Redding became a greater success for the young Aretha Franklin. On February 8, 1967, the A-side of her single “Do Right Woman- Do Right Man” was cut, and she had no choice but to continue to figure out another song to put on that side. So, Jerry Wexler (Aretha’s producer with Atlantic Records) gave her time to decide to record another song for the album. Ten days passed and finally, Aretha called and said, “Mr. Wexler, it’s Miss Franklin calling. I’m ready to record. However, I won’t be recording in Muscle Shoals. I will be recording in New York, I know you have studios in New York.” Wexler responded, “Yes we do. How about the band?” She replied, “Bring up the boys from Muscle Shoals. They understood me. As far as the backgrounds go, I’ll be with my sisters [Erma and Carolyn].” Her sister Carolyn reminisced about this moment and shared, “I remember arriving in New York with Aretha and feeling like we were all on a mission. When she (Aretha) was in her element, no one could touch her, we were her element.” Aretha immediately headed to the piano in the studio and played and recorded multiple songs, including “Respect,” and that was the moment of truth. After recording, Jerry Wexler had immediately played Aretha’s version of “Respect” for Otis Redding, and his reaction was very happy. Wexler said “Redding broke into this wide smile and said ‘The girl has taken that song from me. Ain’t no longer my song. From now on it belongs to her.’” Every time it was played for Redding, nothing but a smile came upon his face.6

While Aretha recorded the song “Respect,” she refined it so many times until she bent it to her will. Her sisters Erma and Carolyn sang the background vocals many times, over and over just to get it right. She replaced the stamping rhythm and horns of celebration to a more cheerful groove and more “quizzical lick” on the guitar. After adjusting the balance of instruments to her liking, she then made an adjustment to the pronouns of the songs, in which she called the sexual politics of the song. For example, when Otis sang, “What you want, honey you got it,” Aretha sang, “What you want, baby got it.” When Otis sang, “Do me wrong, Honey if you want to,” Aretha sang, “Ain’t gonna do you wrong, if don’t want to.” These differences in the songs amplified her powerhouse voice with the oohs and chants of “justa little bit” and “re-re-re-re-spect.” (Fun fact: “Re” was actually a nickname that Aretha’s family called her). After all of this, the real difference was the change in the third verse of the song where the verse had a different meaning coming from an African American woman’s mouth instead of an African American man’s. This verse highlighted a moment for all the woman who had to face the abuse of their partner because of their worth being denied through emasculation. Aretha made the song “Respect” to reflect a fundamental emotional, sexual, and economic reality in which many African Americans lived.7 The chant, “Sock-it-to-me” was used as a demand for respect for anyone in a racial and social condition of inferiority. The demands “Find out what it means to me” and “TCB” refer to the line in her song, “Dr. Feelgood,” where she sings that taking care of business is nothing but a game men play. Lastly, Aretha ended the song by spelling out the word “R-E-S-P-E-C-T” letter by letter, and the verse, “All the time, keep on trying, I’m running out of fools, I ain’t lying.” When “Respect” was released, many of her followers had some knowledge of the previous recording of the song, the original by “a man who epitomized the male prerogative of a soul singer.”

After the song was finally recorded and ready to release, Carolyn mentioned, “When Respect was recorded, she heard her pain throughout the song that has been hiding because of the ongoing fighting with Ted White, her husband.” This song did not stop the violence Ted was inflicting on her, but this song truly was a getaway. This song not only reached the top of the Billboard charts but it received much fame for woman across the world going through a situation similar to Aretha’s. “Respect” won many awards, and was placed at number four in the “Top 365 Songs of the Twentieth Century” in a 2001 retrospective; and in 2011, Rolling Stone Magazine placed it at number 5 on its list of 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. This fairy tale dream of a young girl who had a promise from her father in hand, had finally came true. Her breakthrough in 1967 not only came with emotional chaos and a deep, harsh reality, but the fame of being the Queen of Soul doing what she loves, singing! 8

Aretha Franklin, Queen of Soul, Age 76 | Courtesy of James Ledbetter Flickr

Aretha, being both an icon and role model in the feminist and civil rights movements, succeeded in winning awards, being honored to collaborate with artists such as Stevie Wonder, perform at Dr. Martin Luther King’s funeral, among other accolades. All the fame and fortune she has earned has led her to the 28 stunning awards for her music and 32 nominations for awards. These awards include “Best Rhythm and Blues solo female vocal performance,” “1991 Legend Award,” “1994 Lifetime Achievement Award,” “2008 MusiCares Person of the Year Award.”9

Sadly, on August 16, 2018, after her retirement in January, she passed away in her hometown of Detroit. The cause of her death was due to pancreatic cancer of the neuro-endocrine type that she had been fighting for a while after her singing career ended. We remember Aretha Franklin for the powerhouse gospel voice that she has shared and delivered so well in order to be forever known as the Queen of Soul. May her soul rest in peace.

  1.  St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture, 2nd ed., 2013, s.v. “Franklin, Aretha (1942– ),” by Thomas Riggs.
  2. Stuart A. Kallen,  The History of R&B and Soul Music: The Sweet Sounds of Soul (Detroit: Lucent Books, 2014), 43-48.
  3. Nicolas Slonimsky and Laura Kuhn, Baker’s Biographical Dictionary of Musicians Vol. 2. Franklin, Aretha, 2001, (New York: Schirmer, 2001), 1174-1175.
  4.  Encyclopedia of African-American Culture and History, 2nd ed., 2006, s.v. Franklin, Aretha., by Bud Kliment.
  5. Simon Glickman and Brian Escamilla, Contemporary Musicians Vol. 17, Franklin, Aretha, 1997, (Detroit: Gale, 1997),  88-91.
  6.  David Ritz, Respect (New York: Little, Brown, and Company), 161-163.
  7. Johnathan Gould, Otis Redding (New York: Crown Arechetype), 400-402.
  8.  Johnathan Gould, Otis Redding (New York: Crown Arechetype), 400-402.
  9.  Gabriel Burns Stepto, The African-American Years: Chronologies of American History and Experience: The Civil Rights Struggle: From Nonviolence to Black Power (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 2003), 398-403.

Tags from the story

Aretha Franklin

Queen of Soul

Respect

Recent Comments

Nathalie Herrera

I wasn’t too familiar with Aretha Louise Franklin before, but I did recognize the song “RESPECT.” It’s incredible to see at a young age she had such great talent that in turn would be recognized by many later on. Although, it is sad to read that Aretha Franklin had ongoing pain due to her abusive relationship with her husband, and producing music was her only way to pause that pain. Overall, great read!

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03/11/2018

2:35 pm

Jennifer Salas

The first Aretha Franklin song I heard was R.E.S.P.E.C.T so it was very interesting to see how that iconic song came about. I think music for many people is sort of an outlet and a way to express themselves and I feel that Aretha Franklin really created music for this purpose. She will always be know for not only this iconic song but for breaking down so many barriers in the music industry.

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03/11/2018

2:35 pm

Crystal Baeza

This was such a great article! I never knew the original version of Respect was written by Otis. Aretha did switch it up and make it her own style. I find it heartbreaking that her infamous song was written because of her relationship with her abusive husband. She used Respect to sing about how women should feel, empowered and respected.

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04/11/2018

2:35 pm

Arieana Martinez

This article gave me the chills! Aretha Franklin has always been one of my favorite icons in my life, and I was so happy to see her legacy brought to life in this article. Her strength was shouted through this song, and I loved reading every word of this story. Aretha is an inspiration to every woman who feels that she is not enough in the world and she is truly the reason why so many women have the confidence they have today. I am so glad someone put in to words her story and journey of this great song.

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07/11/2018

2:35 pm

Donte Joseph

I remember growing up as a kid signing the “Respect Song”, as I had called it, anytime I heard it come on. For starters, I did not know Aretha Franklin wrote this song, and to add to that, I did not know that this song was in a sense a remix to a song that someone had already written. Reading about who Aretha Franklin is and how this song came about was fun and I think that this article does a great job in its explanations since I was so clueless.

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11/11/2018

2:35 pm

Richard Morales

This article was very well written and researched. I learned a lot about Aretha Franklin the highly successful singer, songwriter who provided us with popular hits such as “Respect.” She very well did get her respect as she became a prominent figure not only in the music world but also in the feminist and civil rights environments as well. I was intrigued to learn her story and how she ultimately was awarded with so many different awards and opportunities. Overall great read.

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11/11/2018

2:35 pm

Tyanne Pearcy

This article grabbed my attention because Aretha Franklin was a singer that I grew up listening to as a child. It was interesting learning that she was born with a powerhouse of a voice and vocals. I did not know that she got the idea of “Respect” song for another artist and just changed a few words. Her success after the song was released is inspiring. It is sad that she died recently but her funeral showed how much she left a positive mark on the people.

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11/11/2018

2:35 pm

Miguel Camarillo-Cohen

This was a very good article. The passing of Ms. Aretha Franklin was a huge loss for our nation. America lost a giant and social activist. She was the Queen of Soul and her song RESPECT is America’s song. It was interesting to learn about her journey and I had no idea she learned gospel hymns and music at such a young age.

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11/11/2018

2:35 pm

Gabrien Gregory

I appreciate the author providing us with some background on Aretha Franklin’s career and not only the song. I did not know Otis Redding wrote the song, which is surprising to me – what a strong duo in music history. Franklin will go down as one of the best artists and singers of all time. What is really intriguing, furthermore, is her relationship to people like Martin Luther King, Jr. and the civil rights movement. She is truly an American treasure and leader.

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12/11/2018

2:35 pm

Sabrina Hsu

I had no idea that the song was not originally hers, but it’s amazing to see how great she made it and how well-known the song became because of her. She deserved all the fame she got after that song because it was truly inspiring, and she continued to be inspiring throughout her entire life in all the things she did. She was well loved by people everywhere and it became even more clear with the vast amount of people who were at her recent funeral.

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18/11/2018

2:35 pm

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